Hindustani Scale
The Hindustani scale is composed of 12 semitones. In Indian music, four of the seven main swaras (Re, Ga, Dha, Ni) may be lowered in pitch (flat), while only one (Ma) may be raised in pitch (sharp). These flats and sharps are denoted by the terms komal and tivra, respectively.
Scale
| Hindustani | Western |
|---|---|
| Sa | C |
| Re Komal | D♭ |
| Re | D |
| Ga Komal | E♭ |
| Ga | E |
| Ma | F |
| Ma Tivra | F♯ |
| Pa | G |
| Dha Komal | A♭ |
| Dha | A |
| Ni Komal | B♭ |
| Ni | B |