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The '''sam''' or '''sum''' {{Pronounce|sum}} is always the first [[matra]] of an [[avartan]]. For example, in [[teentaal]], the first matra, ''Ta'', is the sam.
The sam is usually stressed when playing and is particularly important when playing in groups. During For instance, in Kathak, in a performancepiece in teentaal, one musician the tabla player provides a steady rhythm by playing theka, while the other another musician improvises. When it is time to switch roles, the two musicians can easily coordinate by using the sam as a marker, since it is the beginning of the next avartan.
[[Category:Taal]]